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Health IT & Interoperability

HL7 Interoperability

A practitioner's path through health-data interoperability across the full HL7 family — from the wire-level v2 messages that still run most production interfaces, through v3/CDA documents, to modern FHIR APIs — plus the terminology and operations knowledge real integration work demands.

51 lessons ~4 h 7 courses

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Who it's for

Technical and clinical-adjacent professionals integrating healthcare systems. Assumes general computing literacy; introduces all domain concepts from first principles.

Course 1 of 7

HL7 v2 Fundamentals

Start at the wire level. The v2 message format is still the backbone of hospital integration, so it grounds every concept that follows.

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Unit 1

Foundations

3 lessons · 15 min

  1. 1 What HL7 Is and Why It Exists 5 min Start
  2. 2 Anatomy of an HL7 v2 Message 5 min Start
  3. 3 How v2 Messages Are Exchanged — Acknowledgments and MLLP 5 min Start
Unit 2

Message Structure in Depth

5 lessons · 21 min

  1. 1 The MSH Header, Field by Field 4 min Start
  2. 2 Data Types — from ST and NM to XPN, XAD, CX, and CWE 6 min Start
  3. 3 Components, Subcomponents, and Repetition 3 min Start
  4. 4 Z-Segments and Local Customization 4 min Start
  5. 5 Escaping, Encoding, and Character Sets 4 min Start
Unit 3

Conformance and Versions

3 lessons · 13 min

  1. 1 The v2 Version Lineage (2.1 to 2.9) and Backward Compatibility 4 min Start
  2. 2 Optionality, Cardinality, and Loose Conformance 4 min Start
  3. 3 Message Profiles and Conformance Constraints 5 min Start

Course 2 of 7

HL7 v2 Messaging in Practice

Apply the fundamentals to the message types that carry real clinical workflows: admissions, orders, results, scheduling, and billing.

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Unit 4

Patient Administration

2 lessons · 10 min

  1. 1 ADT and the Patient Lifecycle (A01 to A08 and Merges) 6 min Start
  2. 2 The PID, PV1, and NK1 Segments in Clinical Context 4 min Start
Unit 5

Orders and Results

3 lessons · 13 min

  1. 1 Order Workflow — ORM/OMG and the ORC and OBR Segments 5 min Start
  2. 2 Results — ORU and the OBX Observation Segment 4 min Start
  3. 3 Units, Reference Ranges, and Abnormal Flags in OBX 4 min Start
Unit 6

Scheduling, Documents, and Finance

3 lessons · 9 min

  1. 1 Scheduling with SIU 3 min Start
  2. 2 Medical Documents with MDM 3 min Start
  3. 3 Charges and Billing with DFT 3 min Start
Unit 7

Query and Batch

2 lessons · 8 min

  1. 1 Query and Response Paradigms (QBP/RSP) 4 min Start
  2. 2 Batch and File Protocols (BHS and FHS) 4 min Start

Course 3 of 7

Healthcare Terminologies and Coding

Messages move data, but meaning lives in codes. A shared grounding in SNOMED CT, LOINC, ICD, and RxNorm before the standards that bind them.

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Unit 8

Why Terminologies

1 lesson · 3 min

  1. 1 Codes versus Free Text — Semantic Interoperability Revisited 3 min Start
Unit 9

The Major Systems

4 lessons · 17 min

  1. 1 SNOMED CT — Concepts, Relationships, and Expressions 4 min Start
  2. 2 LOINC — Naming Observations and Lab Tests 4 min Start
  3. 3 ICD-10-CM and ICD-10-PCS — Diagnoses and Procedures 4 min Start
  4. 4 RxNorm and Medication Coding 5 min Start
Unit 10

Using Terminologies in Messages

2 lessons · 7 min

  1. 1 Value Sets, Bindings, and the CWE Data Type 3 min Start
  2. 2 Mapping and Maintenance Pitfalls 4 min Start

Course 4 of 7

HL7 v3 and the Clinical Document Architecture

The model-driven reaction to v2. CDA documents remain widely exchanged and introduce the RIM thinking that informs FHIR.

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Unit 11

The v3 Reaction

1 lesson · 4 min

  1. 1 Why v3 and the Reference Information Model (RIM) 4 min Start
Unit 12

Clinical Document Architecture

3 lessons · 13 min

  1. 1 CDA Document Structure — Header and Body 6 min Start
  2. 2 Levels of CDA and the C-CDA Templates 4 min Start
  3. 3 Where CDA Is Used (and Where It Isn't) 3 min Start

Course 5 of 7

FHIR Fundamentals

The modern, web-API standard. Resources, REST, and search are where most new interoperability work happens today.

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Unit 13

The FHIR Model

4 lessons · 15 min

  1. 1 Why FHIR — Resources as the Unit of Exchange 3 min Start
  2. 2 Anatomy of a Resource (JSON, ids, and metadata) 4 min Start
  3. 3 References, Contained Resources, and Bundles 4 min Start
  4. 4 Data Types and Extensions 4 min Start
Unit 14

The RESTful API

3 lessons · 12 min

  1. 1 CRUD Interactions and the FHIR HTTP API 4 min Start
  2. 2 Search — Parameters, Chaining, and Includes 5 min Start
  3. 3 Operations and the CapabilityStatement 3 min Start
Unit 15

Terminology in FHIR

1 lesson · 4 min

  1. 1 CodeSystem, ValueSet, and the $expand and $validate-code Operations 4 min Start

Course 6 of 7

FHIR Implementation

Real FHIR work is conformance work: profiles, implementation guides, SMART on FHIR, and bulk data.

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Unit 16

Conformance

2 lessons · 8 min

  1. 1 Profiles, Extensions, and StructureDefinition 4 min Start
  2. 2 Implementation Guides and US Core 4 min Start
Unit 17

Apps and Access

2 lessons · 7 min

  1. 1 SMART on FHIR and OAuth2 Scopes 3 min Start
  2. 2 Bulk Data Export (Flat FHIR) 4 min Start
Unit 18

Validation and Testing

1 lesson · 4 min

  1. 1 Validating Resources Against Profiles 4 min Start

Course 7 of 7

Interoperability in Practice

Tie it together with the operational layer: integration engines, troubleshooting, security, and go-live — applicable beyond HL7 alone.

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Unit 19

The Integration Engine

2 lessons · 10 min

  1. 1 What Interface Engines Do (Mirth, Rhapsody, Cloverleaf) 6 min Start
  2. 2 Transformation, Routing, and Filtering 4 min Start
Unit 20

Reliability and Troubleshooting

2 lessons · 9 min

  1. 1 Error Handling, Retries, and Dead-Letter Queues 5 min Start
  2. 2 Diagnosing Lost and Duplicate Messages 4 min Start
Unit 21

Security, Privacy, and Go-Live

2 lessons · 9 min

  1. 1 Consent, Minimum Necessary, and HIPAA Touchpoints 5 min Start
  2. 2 Interface Testing and Go-Live Readiness 4 min Start