Folk School

Edges: Beveling, Sanding, and Burnishing

Nothing marks good leatherwork like a smooth, glossy edge. The four steps: trim the layers flush, sand them true, bevel the corners without cutting through a layer, and burnish with water or solution until the fibers compress to a shine. Plus the alternative of edge paint.

  • 3 min
  • 7 steps
  • 2 questions
  • Lesson 101 of 204

In this lesson

  1. Trim
  2. Sand
  3. Bevel
  4. Burnish
  5. Or paint it
  6. Try it

A cut leather edge is a raw cross-section of fibers: fuzzy, pale, and prone to fraying. Finishing it takes a few minutes and makes a project look professional. One commenter on Tandy’s tutorial put it well: a fine edge can save a project that is otherwise ordinary 1.

Four panels, each with a section through a two-layer leather edge. Trim: a blade shaves the edge flush, angled toward the lining, not the face. Sand: a sanding stick against the edge, 80 then 120 grit, angled away from the face, until the layer line is straight. Bevel: the edge with rounded corners and a dashed line at 45 degrees; beveler at about 45 degrees, cut about a third of the stack, never a whole layer. Burnish: a rounded edge with a glossy band; thin coat of solution, rub hard, sand lightly, repeat until it shines. Note: edge paint instead, sand lightly between thin coats.
Trim, sand, bevel, burnish. Credit: StudyCorner diagram after Tandy Leather · CC BY 4.0 · Source

Trim

Start by trimming the edge, especially where two layers have been glued and stitched, as flush as you can get it, so there’s less sanding later. Angle the knife slightly so you’re cutting toward the lining, not into the face of the project, and keep the blade sharp by stropping 1.

Sand

Sand the edge with 80-grit, then 120-grit sandpaper or a sanding stick. Always angle the sandpaper slightly away from the face, so you don’t shrink the front of the piece. Sand until the line between the layers is visible and perfectly straight 1.

Bevel

Run an edge beveler along the corners of the edge, front and back, holding it at about 45 degrees. It should cut only about a third of the stacked thickness and never through an entire layer, or the layered edge will crush when you burnish it. The goal is a nicely rounded edge 1. Keep bevelers sharp by stropping too 1.

Quick check

How much of a stacked edge should the edge beveler remove?

Burnish

Apply a thin coat of burnishing solution (or just water), then rub the edge briskly with a wood or canvas burnisher to compress the fibers. Then sand lightly, apply more solution, and burnish again. Repeat until the edge is smooth and reflective “like glass” 1. On a large piece, burnishing solution brushed onto the flesh side also locks down the fuzzy fibers there 1.

Quick check

What makes a burnished edge shine?

Or paint it

Edge paint is an alternative. Follow the same trimming and sanding steps but skip the burnishing solution; some people don’t bevel painted edges. Apply thin coats with a roller pen, an edge paddle, or a wool dauber, sanding lightly between coats until the edge is smooth 1.

Edge Finishing 4: Burnishing Burnishing an edge. Credit: Tandy Leather · YouTube standard license · 5:37 · Source

Playback is optional. If the player is unavailable, open the video at its source.

Try it

On your saddle-stitched practice piece, finish one edge all the way: trim, sand, bevel both corners, and burnish three rounds. Leave another edge raw. Compare them after a week of handling.

Lesson complete

Nice work.

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Sources for this lesson
  1. 1
    Tandy Skills: Edge Finishing Tutorial. Tandy Leather. verifiedTrim edges as close as possible, angling the knife slightly toward the liner, not the face; strop blades. Sand with 80-grit then 120-grit, angled away from the face, until the lamination line is straight. Bevel: cut only about one-third of the stacked leather, never through an entire layer, holding the beveler at about 45 degrees. Burnish: thin coat of burnishing solution, run the burnisher along the edge to compress fibers, sand lightly, repeat until smooth and reflective. For edge paint, skip burnishing solution and sand lightly between coats.